主从复制第一篇之异步复制
主从复制主要用途:
1.灾备切换
2.读写分离
3.备份,避免影响业务
4.高可用和故障切换
5.mysql测试升级
首先,异步主从复制主要步骤:
1.主库中开启log_bin
2.全备份主库
3.授权(grant replication slave on . )
4.配置复制,并启动(change master to)
5.查看主从复制信息
异步主从复制存在的主要问题:
1.主机宕机后,数据可能丢失
2.从库只有一个sql thread,当主库有大量写入时候,从库容易丢失数据
异步复制的演示:
第一步:主库中开启log_bin=1,在my.cnf文件中设置,这里就不详细介绍了。
第二步:用mysqldump进行主库全备份
1.灾备切换
2.读写分离
3.备份,避免影响业务
4.高可用和故障切换
5.mysql测试升级
首先,异步主从复制主要步骤:
1.主库中开启log_bin
2.全备份主库
3.授权(grant replication slave on . )
4.配置复制,并启动(change master to)
5.查看主从复制信息
异步主从复制存在的主要问题:
1.主机宕机后,数据可能丢失
2.从库只有一个sql thread,当主库有大量写入时候,从库容易丢失数据
异步复制的演示:
第一步:主库中开启log_bin=1,在my.cnf文件中设置,这里就不详细介绍了。
第二步:用mysqldump进行主库全备份
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[root@VM_85_42_centos downloads]# ps -ef |grep mysqld #查看配置位置
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root 5307 1 0 Apr03 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql56/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysqldata/my.cnf
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mysql 5539 5307 0 Apr03 ? 00:00:50 /usr/local/mysql56/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/mysqldata/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql56 --datadir=/mysqldata/node1 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql56/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/mysqldata/node1/VM_85_42_centos.err --pid-file=/mysqldata/node1/VM_85_42_centos.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=6000
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root 13332 20569 0 23:19 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
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[root@VM_85_42_centos downloads]# mysqldump -uroot -p --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --single-transaction -A --master-data=1 > all_data.sql
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[root@VM_85_42_centos downloads]# mysqldump -uroot -p --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --single-transaction -A --master-data=1 > all_data.sql
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Enter password:
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[root@VM_85_42_centos downloads]# ls
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all_data.sql
使用远程登入从库myqsl
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mysql -utest -ptest -h(从库IP) -P(端口号)
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登入从库后用
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mysql>source all_data.sql; # 导入主库
第三步:主库授权用户grant replication slave on *.* to replication@'(从库IP)' identified by 'replication';
从库配置复制
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CHANGE MASTER TO
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MASTER_HOST='主库IP',
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MASTER_USER='replication',
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MASTER_PASSWORD='replication',
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MASTER_PORT=(根据my.cnf配置端口),
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MASTER_LOG_FILE='master2-bin.XXX',
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MASTER_LOG_POS=X,
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MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=X; #等一系列参数
我的实例配置
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mysql> change master to
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MASTER_HOST='119.29.215.56',
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MASTER_USER='replication',
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MASTER_PASSWORD='replication',
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MASTER_PORT=6000,
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MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002', MASTER_LOG_POS=630;
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#MASTER_LOG_FILE,MASTER_LOG_POS参数记录在刚才的 all_data.sql,可以用less命令查看。
配置完成以后启动:
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mysql> start stave;
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mysql> show slave status \G #是否启动看running是yes
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*************************** 1. row ***************************
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Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
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Master_Host: 119.29.215.56
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Master_User: repl
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Master_Port: 6000
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Connect_Retry: 60
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Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
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Read_Master_Log_Pos: 952
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Relay_Log_File: VM_91_3_centos-relay-bin.000002
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Relay_Log_Pos: 605
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Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
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Slave_IO_Running: Yes
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Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
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Replicate_Do_DB:
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Replicate_Ignore_DB:
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Replicate_Do_Table:
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Replicate_Ignore_Table:
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Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
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Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
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Last_Errno: 0
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Last_Error:
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Skip_Counter: 0
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Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 952
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Relay_Log_Space: 787
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Until_Condition: None
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Until_Log_File:
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Until_Log_Pos: 0
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Master_SSL_Allowed: No
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Master_SSL_CA_File:
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Master_SSL_CA_Path:
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Master_SSL_Cert:
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Master_SSL_Cipher:
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Master_SSL_Key:
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Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
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Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
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Last_IO_Errno: 0
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Last_IO_Error:
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Last_SQL_Errno: 0
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Last_SQL_Error:
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Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
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Master_Server_Id: 6000
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Master_UUID: cf441ef0-181b-11e7-b566-525400ef16de
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Master_Info_File: /mysqldata/node1/master.info
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SQL_Delay: 0
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SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
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Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
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Master_Retry_Count: 86400
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Master_Bind:
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Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
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Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
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Master_SSL_Crl:
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Master_SSL_Crlpath:
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Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
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Executed_Gtid_Set:
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Auto_Position: 0
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1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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上面各类参数都是可以配置的,需要查看文档
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